Hypersensitivity reactions to Liposomal Amphotericin in a bone marrow transplant patient

Introduction: 

Hodgkin's lymphoma is one of the treatable types of blood cancer. Autologous bone marrow transplantation is used as one way to treat this disease. Neutropenic fevers are treated with antibiotics and antifungals, including amphotericin B. Adverse effects and hypersensitivity to liposomal amphotericin, Ambisome, are very uncommon compared with conventional amphotericin.

Case Report: 

In this case, we noticed hypersensitivity reactions to the Ambisome, represented by an increase in body temperature, a drop in blood pressure, and hypo-oxygenemia, in addition to an increase in the heart rate.

Case Management: 

The patient was treated with injections of hydrocortisone, chlorpheniramine, and normal saline, in addition to giving oxygen; he was improved.

Conclusion: 

In spite of the few cases that have recorded hypersensitivity reactions to the Ambisome, it is necessary to conduct an allergy test and to monitor the patient well when giving the Ambisome, especially in the first dose.